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The march, which kicks off a six-week-long border protest, was billed by organizers as non-violent. However, the Israeli army, accused the Islamist Hamas group that controls the Gaza Strip of using "these violent riots in order to camouflage terror."
Thousands of Palestinians marched with flags and set up tent encampments near the border, while the army said Palestinians lobbed petrol bombs and rocks. Some approached the Israel-Gaza border fence, the army said, prompting soldiers to fire on the "main instigators."
The Israeli army said that after two Palestinians had exchanged fire with Israeli troops at the border, Israeli jets and tanks had targeted three sites belonging to Hamas in response.
Gaza Health Ministry spokesman Ashraf al-Qedra, who gave the death toll, said that nearly 800 were injured from live fire and hundreds more from rubber bullets and tear gas inhalation.
Those killed were all men between the ages of 18 and 34.
The Israeli army said at least two of the men where affiliated with Hamas.
Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas declared Saturday as a day of mourning to commemorate those who died during the protests.
The 1948 Arab-Israeli War created a mass exodus of Palestinians from what is now Israel. Many today live in the Gaza Strip, West Bank and neighbouring countries, as Israel does not allow them to return.
The Gaza Strip faces an increasingly dire humanitarian situation exacerbated by a blockade of the coastal enclave administered by Israel and Egypt for more than a decade.
The Israeli military says there are six focal points of the protests - dubbed the "Great March of Return" - along the Gaza border wall.
Photos from Gaza showed drones used to fire tear gas, as Israel set up a "closed military zone" in the areas near the border line.
Hamas had called for a peaceful protest last week, amid signs Israel was prepared to use force to push back the march and prevent anyone from approaching the Israel-Gaza border fence.
Israeli Defence Minister Avigdor Lieberman warned protesters against approaching the border fence.
"Anyone approaching the fence risks their lives," Lieberman wrote in Arabic on Twitter. According to a report by the Israeli news site Ynet, the army had placed more than 100 snipers near the border before the protests.
The protest will culminate on May 15, the day after Israel declared independence, which is marked by Palestinians as Nakba Day, Arabic for "catastrophe."
"The Hamas terror organization is responsible for the violent riots and everything taking places under its auspices," the army said.
The Israeli army said 30,000 people took part in the event so far, though Palestinians say the number is higher.
Fatima Arayshi, a 45-year-old woman from the Beach refugee camp, joined the march with her husband and five children, saying the goal of the demonstration was to restore refugee's rights.
"We were kicked out from our land and our homes, and I hope that the whole world would back us and help us gain our rights," she said while holding the Palestinian flag.
"We are all here united, and we are all ready to sacrifice together, until our occupied lands are liberated and the refugees return home and gain their land back," she said.
Some Palestinian protesters marched with keys, a symbol for the homes the Palestinian refugees left behind some 70 years ago.
Protesters also burned images of US President Donald Trump, whose controversial decision to recognize Jerusalem as Israel's capital and move the US embassy there on May 14 - Israel's 70th independence day - sparked Palestinian outrage.
Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh said Friday that the mass protests were a challenge to the US.
"The Great March of Return is a message to Trump," Haniyeh said in a speech to participants east of Gaza City.
"There is no concession on Jerusalem, no alternative to Palestine, and no solution but to return," Haniyeh said.
"This is the Palestinian people taking the initiative and making
the event for the sake of Palestine ... for the sake of
Jerusalem and the right of return."
The Israeli army said that after two Palestinians had exchanged fire with Israeli troops at the border, Israeli jets and tanks had targeted three sites belonging to Hamas in response.
Gaza Health Ministry spokesman Ashraf al-Qedra, who gave the death toll, said that nearly 800 were injured from live fire and hundreds more from rubber bullets and tear gas inhalation.
Those killed were all men between the ages of 18 and 34.
The Israeli army said at least two of the men where affiliated with Hamas.
Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas declared Saturday as a day of mourning to commemorate those who died during the protests.
The 1948 Arab-Israeli War created a mass exodus of Palestinians from what is now Israel. Many today live in the Gaza Strip, West Bank and neighbouring countries, as Israel does not allow them to return.
The Gaza Strip faces an increasingly dire humanitarian situation exacerbated by a blockade of the coastal enclave administered by Israel and Egypt for more than a decade.
The Israeli military says there are six focal points of the protests - dubbed the "Great March of Return" - along the Gaza border wall.
Photos from Gaza showed drones used to fire tear gas, as Israel set up a "closed military zone" in the areas near the border line.
Hamas had called for a peaceful protest last week, amid signs Israel was prepared to use force to push back the march and prevent anyone from approaching the Israel-Gaza border fence.
Israeli Defence Minister Avigdor Lieberman warned protesters against approaching the border fence.
"Anyone approaching the fence risks their lives," Lieberman wrote in Arabic on Twitter. According to a report by the Israeli news site Ynet, the army had placed more than 100 snipers near the border before the protests.
The protest will culminate on May 15, the day after Israel declared independence, which is marked by Palestinians as Nakba Day, Arabic for "catastrophe."
"The Hamas terror organization is responsible for the violent riots and everything taking places under its auspices," the army said.
The Israeli army said 30,000 people took part in the event so far, though Palestinians say the number is higher.
Fatima Arayshi, a 45-year-old woman from the Beach refugee camp, joined the march with her husband and five children, saying the goal of the demonstration was to restore refugee's rights.
"We were kicked out from our land and our homes, and I hope that the whole world would back us and help us gain our rights," she said while holding the Palestinian flag.
"We are all here united, and we are all ready to sacrifice together, until our occupied lands are liberated and the refugees return home and gain their land back," she said.
Some Palestinian protesters marched with keys, a symbol for the homes the Palestinian refugees left behind some 70 years ago.
Protesters also burned images of US President Donald Trump, whose controversial decision to recognize Jerusalem as Israel's capital and move the US embassy there on May 14 - Israel's 70th independence day - sparked Palestinian outrage.
Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh said Friday that the mass protests were a challenge to the US.
"The Great March of Return is a message to Trump," Haniyeh said in a speech to participants east of Gaza City.
"There is no concession on Jerusalem, no alternative to Palestine, and no solution but to return," Haniyeh said.
"This is the Palestinian people taking the initiative and making
the event for the sake of Palestine ... for the sake of
Jerusalem and the right of return."
